mirror of
https://https.git.savannah.gnu.org/git/gzip.git
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doc: prefer bold to italics for command names
This commit is contained in:
Paul Eggert
parent
154776551a
commit
fb36f55604
28
gzexe.1
28
gzexe.1
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ gzexe \- compress executable files in place
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.I "name .\|.\|."
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The
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.I gzexe
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.B gzexe
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utility allows you to compress executables in place and have them
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automatically uncompress and execute when you run them (at a penalty
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in performance). For example if you execute ``gzexe /usr/bin/gdb'' it
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@ -31,21 +31,23 @@ gzip(1), znew(1), zmore(1), zcmp(1), zforce(1)
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The compressed executable is a shell script. This may create some
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security holes. In particular, the compressed executable relies
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on the PATH environment variable to find
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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and some standard utilities
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.RI ( basename ,
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.IR chmod ,
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.IR ln ,
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.IR mkdir ,
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.IR mktemp ,
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.IR rm ,
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.IR sleep ,
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.RB ( basename ,
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.BR chmod ,
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.BR ln ,
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.BR mkdir ,
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.BR mktemp ,
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.BR rm ,
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.BR sleep ,
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and
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.IR tail ).
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.BR tail ).
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.SH "BUGS"
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.I gzexe
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The
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.B gzexe
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command
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attempts to retain the original file attributes on the compressed executable,
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but you may have to fix them manually in some cases, using
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.I chmod
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.B chmod
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or
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.IR chown .
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.BR chown .
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146
gzip.1
146
gzip.1
@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ gzip, gunzip, zcat \- compress or expand files
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.I "name \&..."
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]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.I Gzip
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The
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.B gzip
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command
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reduces the size of the named files using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77).
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Whenever possible,
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each file is replaced by one with the extension
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@ -35,14 +37,18 @@ while keeping the same ownership modes, access and modification times.
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for MSDOS, OS/2 FAT, Windows NT FAT and Atari.)
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If no files are specified, or if a file name is "-", the standard input is
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compressed to the standard output.
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.I Gzip
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The
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.B gzip
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command
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will only attempt to compress regular files.
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In particular, it will ignore symbolic links.
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.PP
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If the compressed file name is too long for its file system,
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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truncates it.
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.I Gzip
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The
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.B gzip
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command
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attempts to truncate only the parts of the file name longer than 3 characters.
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(A part is delimited by dots.) If the name consists of small parts only,
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the longest parts are truncated. For example, if file names are limited
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@ -51,7 +57,7 @@ Names are not truncated on systems which do not have a limit on file name
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length.
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.PP
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By default,
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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keeps the original file name and timestamp in the compressed file. These
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are used when decompressing the file with the
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.B \-N
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@ -59,21 +65,21 @@ option. This is useful when the compressed file name was truncated or
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when the timestamp was not preserved after a file transfer.
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.PP
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Compressed files can be restored to their original form using
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.I gzip -d
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.B "gzip -d"
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or
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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or
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.IR zcat .
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.BR zcat .
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If the original name saved in the compressed file is not suitable for its
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file system, a new name is constructed from the original one to make it
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legal.
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.PP
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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takes a list of files on its command line and replaces each
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file whose name ends with .gz, -gz, .z, -z, or _z (ignoring case)
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and which begins with the correct magic number with an uncompressed
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file without the original extension.
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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also recognizes the special extensions
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.B "\&.tgz"
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and
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@ -84,80 +90,84 @@ and
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.B "\&.tar.Z"
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respectively.
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When compressing,
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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uses the
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.B "\&.tgz"
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extension if necessary instead of truncating a file with a
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.B "\&.tar"
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extension.
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.PP
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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can currently decompress files created by
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.IR gzip ,
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.IR zip ,
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.IR compress ,
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.I "compress -H"
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.BR gzip ,
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.BR zip ,
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.BR compress ,
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.B "compress -H"
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or
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.IR pack .
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.BR pack .
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The detection of the input format is automatic. When using
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the first two formats,
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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checks a 32 bit CRC. For
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.I pack
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.B pack
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and
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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checks the uncompressed length. The standard
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.I compress
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.B compress
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format was not designed to allow consistency checks. However
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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is sometimes able to detect a bad .Z file. If you get an error
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when uncompressing a .Z file, do not assume that the .Z file is
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correct simply because the standard
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.I uncompress
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.B uncompress
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does not complain. This generally means that the standard
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.I uncompress
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.B uncompress
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does not check its input, and happily generates garbage output.
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The SCO compress -H format (lzh compression method) does not include a CRC
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but also allows some consistency checks.
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.PP
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Files created by
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.I zip
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.B zip
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can be uncompressed by gzip only if they have a single member compressed
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with the 'deflation' method. This feature is only intended to help
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conversion of tar.zip files to the tar.gz format. To extract a
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.I zip
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.B zip
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file with a single member, use a command like
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.I "gunzip <foo.zip"
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.B "gunzip <foo.zip"
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or
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.IR "gunzip -S .zip foo.zip" .
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.BR "gunzip -S .zip foo.zip" .
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To extract zip files
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with several members, use
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.I unzip
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.B unzip
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instead of
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.IR gunzip .
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.BR gunzip .
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.PP
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.I zcat
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The
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.B zcat
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command
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is identical to
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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.BR \-c .
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(On some systems,
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.I zcat
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.B zcat
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may be installed as
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.I gzcat
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.B gzcat
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to preserve the original link to
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.IR compress .)
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.I zcat
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.BR compress .)
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.B zcat
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uncompresses either a list of files on the command line or its
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standard input and writes the uncompressed data on standard output.
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.I zcat
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.B zcat
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will uncompress files that have the correct magic number whether
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they have a
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.B "\&.gz"
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suffix or not.
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.PP
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.I Gzip
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The
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.B gzip
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command
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uses the Lempel-Ziv algorithm used in
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.I zip
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.B zip
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and PKZIP.
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The amount of compression obtained depends on the size of the
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input and the distribution of common substrings.
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@ -165,18 +175,18 @@ Typically, text such as source code or English
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is reduced by 60\-70%.
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Compression is generally much better than that achieved by
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LZW (as used in
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.IR compress ),
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.BR compress ),
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Huffman coding (as used in
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.IR pack ),
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.BR pack ),
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or adaptive Huffman coding
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.RI ( compact ).
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.RB ( compact ).
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.PP
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Compression is always performed, even if the compressed file is
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slightly larger than the original. The worst case expansion is
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a few bytes for the gzip file header, plus 5 bytes every 32K block,
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or an expansion ratio of 0.015% for large files. Note that the actual
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number of used disk blocks almost never increases.
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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preserves the mode, ownership and timestamps of files when compressing
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or decompressing.
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.SH OPTIONS
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@ -200,17 +210,17 @@ Force compression or decompression even if the file has multiple links
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or the corresponding file already exists, or if the compressed data
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is read from or written to a terminal. If the input data is not in
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a format recognized by
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.IR gzip ,
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.BR gzip ,
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and if the option --stdout is also given, copy the input data without change
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to the standard output: let
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.I zcat
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.B zcat
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behave as
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.IR cat .
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.BR cat .
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If
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.B \-f
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is not given,
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and when not running in the background,
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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prompts to verify whether an existing file should be overwritten.
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.TP
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.B \-h --help
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@ -253,7 +263,7 @@ the title and totals lines are not displayed.
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.TP
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.B \-L --license
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Display the
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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license and quit.
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.TP
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.B \-n --no-name
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@ -261,7 +271,7 @@ When compressing, do not save the original file name and timestamp by
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default. (The original name is always saved if the name had to be
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truncated.) When decompressing, do not restore the original file name
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if present (remove only the
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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suffix from the compressed file name) and do not restore the original
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timestamp if present (copy it from the compressed file). This option
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is the default when decompressing.
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@ -279,10 +289,10 @@ Suppress all warnings.
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.B \-r --recursive
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Travel the directory structure recursively. If any of the file names
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specified on the command line are directories,
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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will descend into the directory and compress all the files it finds there
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(or decompress them in the case of
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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).
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.TP
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.B \-S .suf --suffix .suf
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@ -296,7 +306,7 @@ suffixes to try, when deriving an output file name from an input file name.
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.TP
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.B --synchronous
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Use synchronous output. With this option,
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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is less likely to lose data during a system crash, but it can be
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considerably slower.
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.TP
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@ -312,7 +322,7 @@ Version. Display the version number and compilation options then quit.
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.TP
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.B \-# --fast --best
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Regulate the speed of compression using the specified digit
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.IR # ,
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.BR # ,
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where
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.B \-1
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or
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@ -333,7 +343,7 @@ Normally, after a change is made to any file in the archive, the compression alg
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With this option, rsync can transfer only the changed files as well as a small amount of metadata that is required to update the archive structure in the area that was changed.
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.SH "ADVANCED USAGE"
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Multiple compressed files can be concatenated. In this case,
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
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will extract all members at once. For example:
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gzip -c file1 > foo.gz
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@ -376,18 +386,18 @@ replacement.
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The obsolescent environment variable
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.B GZIP
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can hold a set of default options for
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.IR gzip .
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.BR gzip .
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These options are interpreted first and can be overwritten by explicit
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command line parameters. As this can cause problems when using
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scripts, this feature is supported only for options that are
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reasonably likely to not cause too much harm, and
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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warns if it is used.
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This feature will be removed in a future release of
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.IR gzip .
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.BR gzip .
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.PP
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You can use an alias or script instead. For example, if
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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is in the directory
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.B /usr/bin
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you can prepend
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@ -405,13 +415,13 @@ containing the following:
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znew(1), zcmp(1), zmore(1), zforce(1), gzexe(1), zip(1), unzip(1), compress(1)
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.PP
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The
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.I gzip
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.B gzip
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file format is specified in P. Deutsch, \s-1GZIP\s0 file format
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specification version 4.3,
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.BR <https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1952.txt> ,
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Internet RFC 1952 (May 1996).
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The
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.I zip
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.B zip
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deflation format is specified in P. Deutsch, \s-1DEFLATE\s0 Compressed
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Data Format Specification version 1.3,
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.BR <https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1951.txt> ,
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@ -425,7 +435,7 @@ Invalid options were specified on the command line.
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.TP
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\fIfile\fP\^: not in gzip format
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The file specified to
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.I gunzip
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.B gunzip
|
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has not been compressed.
|
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.TP
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\fIfile\fP\^: Corrupt input. Use zcat to recover some data.
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@ -435,10 +445,10 @@ can be recovered using
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zcat \fIfile\fP > recover
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.TP
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\fIfile\fP\^: compressed with \fIxx\fP bits, can only handle \fIyy\fP bits
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.I File
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.B File
|
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was compressed (using LZW) by a program that could deal with
|
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more
|
||||
.I bits
|
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bits
|
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than the decompress code on this machine.
|
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Recompress the file with gzip, which compresses better and uses
|
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less memory.
|
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@ -467,7 +477,7 @@ left unaltered.
|
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.TP
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-- has \fIxx\fP other links: unchanged
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The input file has links; it is left unchanged. See
|
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.IR ln "(1)"
|
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.BR ln "(1)"
|
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for more information. Use the
|
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.B \-f
|
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flag to force compression of multiply-linked files.
|
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@ -475,9 +485,9 @@ flag to force compression of multiply-linked files.
|
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When writing compressed data to a tape, it is generally necessary to
|
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pad the output with zeroes up to a block boundary. When the data is
|
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read and the whole block is passed to
|
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.I gunzip
|
||||
.B gunzip
|
||||
for decompression,
|
||||
.I gunzip
|
||||
.B gunzip
|
||||
detects that there is extra trailing garbage after the compressed data
|
||||
and emits a warning by default. You can use the --quiet option to
|
||||
suppress the warning.
|
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@ -495,9 +505,9 @@ compressed file is on a non seekable media.
|
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|
||||
In some rare cases, the --best option gives worse compression than
|
||||
the default compression level (-6). On some highly redundant files,
|
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.I compress
|
||||
.B compress
|
||||
compresses better than
|
||||
.IR gzip .
|
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.BR gzip .
|
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.SH "REPORTING BUGS"
|
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Report bugs to: bug\-gzip@gnu.org
|
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.br
|
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|
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30
zdiff.1
30
zdiff.1
@ -10,39 +10,41 @@ zcmp, zdiff \- compare compressed files
|
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[ diff_options ] file1
|
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[ file2 ]
|
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.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.I Zcmp
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B zcmp
|
||||
and
|
||||
.I zdiff
|
||||
.B zdiff
|
||||
commands
|
||||
are used to invoke the
|
||||
.I cmp
|
||||
.B cmp
|
||||
or the
|
||||
.I diff
|
||||
.B diff
|
||||
program on files compressed via
|
||||
.IR gzip "."
|
||||
.BR gzip "."
|
||||
All options specified are passed directly to
|
||||
.I cmp
|
||||
.B cmp
|
||||
or
|
||||
.IR diff "."
|
||||
.BR diff "."
|
||||
If only
|
||||
.I file1
|
||||
is specified, it is compared to the uncompressed contents of
|
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.IR file1 ".gz."
|
||||
.IB file1 ".gz" .
|
||||
If two files are specified, their contents (uncompressed if necessary) are fed to
|
||||
.I cmp
|
||||
.B cmp
|
||||
or
|
||||
.IR diff "."
|
||||
.BR diff "."
|
||||
The input files are not modified.
|
||||
The exit status from
|
||||
.I cmp
|
||||
.B cmp
|
||||
or
|
||||
.I diff
|
||||
.B diff
|
||||
is preserved.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
cmp(1), diff(1), zmore(1), zgrep(1), znew(1), zforce(1), gzip(1), gzexe(1)
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
Messages from the
|
||||
.I cmp
|
||||
.B cmp
|
||||
or
|
||||
.I diff
|
||||
.B diff
|
||||
programs may refer to file names such as "\-" instead of to the file
|
||||
names specified.
|
||||
|
||||
12
zforce.1
12
zforce.1
@ -5,11 +5,15 @@ zforce \- force a '.gz' extension on all gzip files
|
||||
.B zforce
|
||||
[ name ... ]
|
||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.I zforce
|
||||
forces a .gz extension on all
|
||||
.I gzip
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B zforce
|
||||
command
|
||||
forces a
|
||||
.B .gz
|
||||
extension on all
|
||||
.B gzip
|
||||
files so that
|
||||
.I gzip
|
||||
.B gzip
|
||||
will not compress them twice.
|
||||
This can be useful for files with names truncated after a file transfer.
|
||||
On systems with a 14 char limitation on file names, the original name
|
||||
|
||||
17
zgrep.1
17
zgrep.1
@ -7,28 +7,29 @@ zgrep \- search possibly compressed files for a regular expression
|
||||
.BI [\ -e\ ] " pattern"
|
||||
.IR filename ".\|.\|."
|
||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.I Zgrep
|
||||
invokes
|
||||
.I grep
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B zgrep
|
||||
command invokes
|
||||
.B grep
|
||||
on compressed or gzipped files.
|
||||
All options specified are passed directly to
|
||||
.IR grep .
|
||||
.BR grep .
|
||||
If no file is specified, then the standard input is decompressed
|
||||
if necessary and fed to grep.
|
||||
Otherwise the given files are uncompressed if necessary and fed to
|
||||
.IR grep .
|
||||
.BR grep .
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If the GREP environment variable is set,
|
||||
.I zgrep
|
||||
.B zgrep
|
||||
uses it as the
|
||||
.I grep
|
||||
.B grep
|
||||
program to be invoked.
|
||||
.SH "EXIT STATUS"
|
||||
Exit status is 0 for a match, 1 for no matches, and 2 if trouble.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The following
|
||||
.I grep
|
||||
.B grep
|
||||
options are not supported:
|
||||
.B --dereference-recursive
|
||||
.RB ( \-R ),
|
||||
|
||||
12
zless.1
12
zless.1
@ -5,22 +5,26 @@ zless \- file perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text
|
||||
.B zless
|
||||
[ name ... ]
|
||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.I Zless
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B zless
|
||||
command
|
||||
is a filter which allows examination of compressed or plain text files
|
||||
one screenful at a time on a soft-copy terminal. It is the equivalent of
|
||||
setting the environment variable LESSOPEN to '|gzip -cdfq -- %s',
|
||||
and the environment variable LESSMETACHARS to
|
||||
\&'<space><tab><newline>;*?"()<>[|&^`#\e$%=~',
|
||||
and then running
|
||||
.IR less .
|
||||
.BR less .
|
||||
However, enough people seem to think that having the
|
||||
command
|
||||
.I zless
|
||||
.B zless
|
||||
available is important to be worth providing it.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
zmore(1), less(1)
|
||||
.SH "BUGS"
|
||||
.I Zless
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B zless
|
||||
command
|
||||
does not work with compressed data that is piped to it via standard
|
||||
input; it requires that input files be specified as arguments.
|
||||
To read compressed data from a pipe, you can use
|
||||
|
||||
38
zmore.1
38
zmore.1
@ -5,28 +5,36 @@ zmore \- file perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text
|
||||
.B zmore
|
||||
[ name ... ]
|
||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.I Zmore
|
||||
The
|
||||
.I zmore
|
||||
command
|
||||
is a filter which allows examination of compressed or plain text files
|
||||
one screenful at a time on a soft-copy terminal.
|
||||
.I zmore
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B zmore
|
||||
command
|
||||
works on files compressed with
|
||||
.IR compress ,
|
||||
.I pack
|
||||
.BR compress ,
|
||||
.B pack
|
||||
or
|
||||
.IR gzip ,
|
||||
.BR gzip ,
|
||||
and also on uncompressed files.
|
||||
If a file does not exist,
|
||||
.I zmore
|
||||
.B zmore
|
||||
looks for a file of the same name with the addition of a .gz, .z or .Z suffix.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.I Zmore
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B zmore
|
||||
command
|
||||
normally pauses after each screenful, printing --More--
|
||||
at the bottom of the screen.
|
||||
If the user then types a carriage return, one more line is displayed.
|
||||
If the user hits a space,
|
||||
another screenful is displayed. Other possibilities are enumerated later.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.I Zmore
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B zmore
|
||||
command
|
||||
looks in the file
|
||||
.I /etc/termcap
|
||||
to determine terminal characteristics,
|
||||
@ -34,12 +42,12 @@ and to determine the default window size.
|
||||
On a terminal capable of displaying 24 lines,
|
||||
the default window size is 22 lines.
|
||||
To use a pager other than the default
|
||||
.IR more ,
|
||||
.BR more ,
|
||||
set environment variable PAGER to the name of the desired program, such as
|
||||
.IR less .
|
||||
.BR less .
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Other sequences which may be typed when
|
||||
.I zmore
|
||||
.B zmore
|
||||
pauses, and their effects, are as follows (\fIi\fP is an optional integer
|
||||
argument, defaulting to 1) :
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
@ -104,7 +112,9 @@ In addition, the user may hit the erase character to redisplay the
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
At any time when output is being sent to the terminal, the user can
|
||||
hit the quit key (normally control\-\\).
|
||||
.I Zmore
|
||||
The
|
||||
.I zmore
|
||||
command
|
||||
will stop sending output, and will display the usual --More--
|
||||
prompt.
|
||||
The user may then enter one of the above commands in the normal manner.
|
||||
@ -119,9 +129,9 @@ What you type will thus not show on your terminal, except for the / and !
|
||||
commands.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
If the standard output is not a teletype, then
|
||||
.I zmore
|
||||
.B zmore
|
||||
acts just like
|
||||
.IR zcat ,
|
||||
.BR zcat ,
|
||||
except that a header is printed before each file
|
||||
if there is more than one file.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
|
||||
10
znew.1
10
znew.1
@ -5,7 +5,9 @@ znew \- recompress .Z files to .gz files
|
||||
.B znew
|
||||
[ -ftv9PK] [ name.Z ... ]
|
||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.I Znew
|
||||
The
|
||||
.B Znew
|
||||
command
|
||||
recompresses files from .Z (compress) format to .gz (gzip) format.
|
||||
If you want to recompress a file already in gzip format, rename the file
|
||||
to force a .Z extension then apply znew.
|
||||
@ -35,13 +37,13 @@ gzip(1), zmore(1), zdiff(1), zgrep(1), zforce(1), gzexe(1), compress(1)
|
||||
If the
|
||||
.B \-P
|
||||
option is used,
|
||||
.I znew
|
||||
.B znew
|
||||
does not maintain the timestamp if
|
||||
.IR touch (1)
|
||||
.BR touch (1)
|
||||
does not support the
|
||||
.B \-r
|
||||
option, and does not maintain permissions if
|
||||
.IR chmod (1)
|
||||
.BR chmod (1)
|
||||
does not support the
|
||||
.B \-\-reference
|
||||
option.
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
x
Reference in New Issue
Block a user