gzip/bits.c

/* bits.c -- output variable-length bit strings

   Copyright (C) 1999, 2009-2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   Copyright (C) 1992-1993 Jean-loup Gailly

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */


/*
 *  PURPOSE
 *
 *      Output variable-length bit strings. Compression can be done
 *      to a file or to memory. (The latter is not supported in this version.)
 *
 *  DISCUSSION
 *
 *      The PKZIP "deflate" file format interprets compressed file data
 *      as a sequence of bits.  Multi-bit strings in the file may cross
 *      byte boundaries without restriction.
 *
 *      The first bit of each byte is the low-order bit.
 *
 *      The routines in this file allow a variable-length bit value to
 *      be output right-to-left (useful for literal values). For
 *      left-to-right output (useful for code strings from the tree routines),
 *      the bits must have been reversed first with bi_reverse().
 *
 *      For in-memory compression, the compressed bit stream goes directly
 *      into the requested output buffer. The input data is read in blocks
 *      by the mem_read() function. The buffer is limited to 64K on 16 bit
 *      machines.
 *
 *  INTERFACE
 *
 *      void bi_init (FILE *zipfile)
 *          Initialize the bit string routines.
 *
 *      void send_bits (int value, int length)
 *          Write out a bit string, taking the source bits right to
 *          left.
 *
 *      int bi_reverse (int value, int length)
 *          Reverse the bits of a bit string, taking the source bits left to
 *          right and emitting them right to left.
 *
 *      void bi_windup ()
 *          Write out any remaining bits in an incomplete byte.
 *
 *      void copy_block(char *buf, unsigned len, int header)
 *          Copy a stored block to the zip file, storing first the length and
 *          its one's complement if requested.
 *
 */

#include <config.h>
#include "tailor.h"
#include "gzip.h"

#ifdef DEBUG
#  include <stdio.h>
#endif

/* ===========================================================================
 * Local data used by the "bit string" routines.
 */

static file_t zfile; /* output gzip file */

#ifndef IBM_Z_DFLTCC
static
#endif
unsigned short bi_buf;
/* Output buffer. bits are inserted starting at the bottom (least significant
 * bits).
 */

#define Buf_size (8 * 2*sizeof(char))
/* Number of bits used within bi_buf. (bi_buf might be implemented on
 * more than 16 bits on some systems.)
 */

#ifndef IBM_Z_DFLTCC
static
#endif
int bi_valid;
/* Number of valid bits in bi_buf.  All bits above the last valid bit
 * are always zero.
 */

int (*read_buf) (char *buf, unsigned size);
/* Current input function. Set to mem_read for in-memory compression */

#ifdef DEBUG
  off_t bits_sent;   /* bit length of the compressed data */
#endif

/* ===========================================================================
 * Initialize the bit string routines.
 * ZIPFILE is the output zip file; it is NO_FILE for in-memory compression.
 */
void
bi_init (file_t zipfile)
{
    zfile  = zipfile;
    bi_buf = 0;
    bi_valid = 0;
#ifdef DEBUG
    bits_sent = 0L;
#endif

    /* Set the defaults for file compression. They are set by memcompress
     * for in-memory compression.
     */
    if (zfile != NO_FILE) {
        read_buf  = file_read;
    }
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Send VALUE on LENGTH bits.
 * IN assertion: LENGTH <= 16 and VALUE fits in LENGTH bits.
 */
void
send_bits (int value, int length)
{
#ifdef DEBUG
    Tracev ((stderr, " l %2d v %4x ", length, value + 0u));
    Assert(length > 0 && length <= 15, "invalid length");
    bits_sent += (off_t)length;
#endif
    /* If not enough room in bi_buf, use (valid) bits from bi_buf and
     * (16 - bi_valid) bits from value, leaving (width - (16-bi_valid))
     * unused bits in value.
     */
    if (bi_valid > (int)Buf_size - length) {
        bi_buf |= (value << bi_valid);
        put_short(bi_buf);
        bi_buf = (ush)value >> (Buf_size - bi_valid);
        bi_valid += length - Buf_size;
    } else {
        bi_buf |= value << bi_valid;
        bi_valid += length;
    }
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Reverse the first LEN bits of CODE, using straightforward code (a faster
 * method would use a table)
 * IN assertion: 1 <= LEN <= 15
 */
unsigned
bi_reverse (unsigned code, int len)
{
    register unsigned res = 0;
    do {
        res |= code & 1;
        code >>= 1, res <<= 1;
    } while (--len > 0);
    return res >> 1;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Write out any remaining bits in an incomplete byte.
 */
void
bi_windup ()
{
    if (bi_valid > 8) {
        put_short(bi_buf);
    } else if (bi_valid > 0) {
        put_byte(bi_buf);
    }
    bi_buf = 0;
    bi_valid = 0;
#ifdef DEBUG
    bits_sent = (bits_sent+7) & ~7;
#endif
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Copy a stored block to the zip file, storing first the length and its
 * one's complement if requested.  BUF is the input data of length
 * LEN; HEADER is true if block header must be written.
 */
void
copy_block (char *buf, unsigned len, int header)
{
    bi_windup();              /* align on byte boundary */

    if (header) {
        put_short((ush)len);
        put_short((ush)~len);
#ifdef DEBUG
        bits_sent += 2*16;
#endif
    }
#ifdef DEBUG
    bits_sent += (off_t)len<<3;
#endif
    while (len--) {
        put_byte(*buf++);
    }
}