ncurses/announce.html.in
2025-12-31 00:42:14 +00:00

1876 lines
55 KiB
HTML

<!--
$Id: announce.html.in,v 1.109 2025/12/30 20:21:46 tom Exp $
****************************************************************************
* Copyright 2018-2024,2025 Thomas E. Dickey *
* *
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
* "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including *
* without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, *
* distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell *
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is *
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
* *
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included *
* in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
* *
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS *
* OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF *
* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. *
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, *
* DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR *
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR *
* THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
* *
* Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright *
* holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the *
* sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
* authorization. *
****************************************************************************
-->
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content=
"HTML Tidy for HTML5 for Linux version 5.8.0">
<title>Announcing ncurses @VERSION@</title>
<link rel="author" href="mailto:bug-ncurses@gnu.org">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
"text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<style type="text/css">
p,li { max-width:700px; }
dd { max-width:630px; }
*.main-name {
font-style: italic;
font-variant: small-caps;
}
*.part-name {
font-family: "Andale Mono", "Monotype.com", monospace;
font-size: 12pt;
font-weight: bold;
}
*.demo-name {
font-family: "Andale Mono", "Monotype.com", monospace;
font-size: 10pt;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="no-header">Announcing ncurses @VERSION@</h1>
<h2><a name="h2-overview" id="h2-overview">Overview</a></h2>
<p>The <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> (new curses)
library is a free software emulation of curses in System V
Release 4.0 (SVr4), and more. It uses terminfo format, supports
pads and color and multiple highlights and forms characters and
function-key mapping, and has all the other SVr4-curses
enhancements over BSD curses. SVr4 curses became the basis of
X/Open Curses.</p>
<p>In mid-June 1995, the maintainer of 4.4BSD curses declared
that he considered 4.4BSD curses obsolete, and encouraged the
keepers of <span class="main-name">unix</span> releases such as
BSD/OS, FreeBSD and NetBSD to switch over to <span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span>.</p>
<p>Since 1995, <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> has been
ported to many systems:</p>
<ul>
<li>It is used in almost every system based on the Linux kernel
(aside from some embedded applications).</li>
<li>It is used as the system curses library on OpenBSD, FreeBSD
and MacOS.</li>
<li>It is used in environments such as Cygwin and MinGW. The
first of these was EMX on OS/2 Warp.</li>
<li>It is used (though usually not as the <em>system</em>
curses) on all of the vendor <span class=
"main-name">unix</span> systems, e.g., AIX, HP-UX, IRIX64, SCO,
Solaris, Tru64.</li>
<li>It should work readily on any ANSI/POSIX-conforming
<span class="main-name">unix</span>.</li>
</ul>
<p>The distribution includes the library and support utilities,
including</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/captoinfo.1m.html"><span class=
"part-name">captoinfo</span></a>, a termcap conversion
tool</li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/clear.1.html"><span class=
"part-name">clear</span></a>, utility for clearing the
screen</li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/infocmp.1m.html"><span class=
"part-name">infocmp</span></a>, the terminfo decompiler</li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/tabs.1.html"><span class=
"part-name">tabs</span></a>, set tabs on a terminal</li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/tic.1m.html"><span class=
"part-name">tic</span></a>, the terminfo compiler</li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/toe.1m.html"><span class=
"part-name">toe</span></a>, list (table of) terminfo
entries</li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/tput.1.html"><span class=
"part-name">tput</span></a>, utility for retrieving terminal
capabilities in shell scripts</li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/tset.1.html"><span class=
"part-name">tset</span></a>, to initialize the terminal</li>
</ul>
<p>Full manual pages are provided for the library and tools.</p>
<p>The <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> distribution is
available at <span class="main-name">ncurses</span>' <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/">homepage</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href=
"https://invisible-island.net/archives/ncurses/">https://invisible-island.net/archives/ncurses/</a>
or<br>
<a href=
"https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/">https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/</a>&nbsp;.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>It is also available at the GNU distribution site</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href=
"https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/">https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/</a>&nbsp;.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2><a name="h2-release-notes" id="h2-release-notes">Release
Notes</a></h2>
<p>These notes are for <span class="main-name">ncurses</span>
@VERSION@, released <strong>December 30, 2025</strong>.</p>
<p>This release is designed to be source-compatible with
<span class="main-name">ncurses</span> 5.0 through 6.5; providing
extensions to the application binary interface (ABI). Although
the source can still be configured to support the <span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span> 5 ABI, the reason for the release is
to reflect improvements to the <span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span> 6 ABI and the supporting utility
programs.</p>
<p>There are numerous other improvements listed in this
announcement.</p>
<p>The most <a href="#h3-bug-fixes">important
bug-fixes/improvements</a> dealt with robustness issues. The
release notes also mention some other bug-fixes, but are focused
on new features and improvements to existing features since
<span class="main-name">ncurses</span> 6.5 release.</p>
<h3><a name="h3-library" id="h3-library">Library improvements</a></h3>
<h4><a name="h4-term-driver" id="h4-term-driver">Terminal driver
improvements</a></h4>
<p>This release focuses on improvements to the MinGW/Windows
terminal driver. The terminal driver for MinGW32 was introduced
in <a href="@HOMEPAGE@/NEWS.html#t20090214">2009</a>. A new
version of the terminal driver to support Windows Terminal was
begun in <a href="@HOMEPAGE@/NEWS.html#t20200829">2020</a>.
However, there were some differences:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Both drivers use <a href=
"https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/console-reference">
Console API</a>; the later Windows driver also provides for
using character escape sequences.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The MinGW32 driver was designed to imitate POSIX terminal
I/O data types to simplify integration with the existing
sources.</p>
<p>The newer Windows driver did not integrate with the
sources in the same way. In particular, the <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/man/tset.1.html">reset</a> utility was
incomplete.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Windows Terminal support for Console API is incomplete,
lacking mouse support. Additionally, its developers took a
few years to resolve issues with carriage-return versus
line-feed translation.</p>
<p>Reflecting on these problems, both MinGW and Windows
drivers are still provided in ncurses through the current
release.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The two drivers are similar, but in developing the Windows
driver some renaming and refactoring was done. That resulted
in duplicate source files. This release eliminates the
duplication.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>These improvements have been made to the terminal driver:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>made <tt>win_driver.c</tt> obsolete in favor of
<tt>win32_driver.c</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>made <tt>win32_curses.h</tt> obsolete in favor of
<tt>nc_win32.h</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added configure check for Win32 named pipes feature, using
that to make <tt>nc_mingw.h</tt> obsolete in favor of
<tt>nc_win32.h</tt></p>
</li>
<li>separated the <tt>_NC_WINDOWS</tt> platform macro into
<tt>_NC_WINDOWS_NATIVE</tt>, for MinGW and other native Win32
support, and <tt>_NC_WINDOWS</tt>, to make some Win32 features
available under the Cygwin runtime, in this case the
term-driver.</li>
<li>
<p>modified MinGW32 configuration to account for its use of
Windows-style pathnames in filesystem checks.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>changed <tt>MS_TERMINAL</tt> symbol to
<tt>DEFAULT_TERM_VAR</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>updated <tt>ncurses/wcwidth.c</tt>, for MinGW ports, from
xterm.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>made fixes for reading Unicode characters in MinGW/Windows
port</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improved Windows driver by restoring the scroll buffer and
console mode, e.g., when <tt>reset_prog_mode</tt> or
<tt>endwin</tt> is called</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>simplified include for <tt>wchar.h</tt> in Windows port by
removing the platform ifdef's</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modified driver for MinGW to handle shift-tab and
control-tab as back-tab</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>made fixes for port using clang-cl or cl MSVC</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4><a name="h4-fixes-library" id="h4-fixes-library">Other
improvements</a></h4>
<p>These are improvements to existing features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>add comments to generated <tt>term.h</tt> to hint the
configure options used</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>change scope of <tt>TTY</tt>, <tt>GET_TTY</tt> and
<tt>SET_TTY</tt> to ncurses-internals</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improved mouse driver</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>modify <tt>handle_wheel</tt> case 2 to ignore the
event as in case 1 for mouse version 1, since that
corresponds to a button 6 or 7 event which is not
supported with ABI 6.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>use separate read/write pointers in the mouse event
queue to work with too-close events for the
click-detection to work reliably, and further improve
that in case <tt>mouseinterval(0)</tt> is used to
suppress click-detection.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify treatment of <em>&ldquo;n&rdquo;</em> parameter for
<tt>waddnstr</tt>, <tt>waddnwstr</tt>, and
<tt>wins_nwstr</tt> to return <em>OK</em> when
<em>&ldquo;n&rdquo;</em> is zero, for consistency with other
implementations</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify <tt>wattron</tt>/<tt>wattroff</tt> calls in
<tt>form/m_post.c</tt> to call <tt>wattr_on</tt> and
<tt>wattr_off</tt> to omit cast used in the former for X/Open
compatibility</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>change <tt>winwstr</tt> to a generated function, using the
macro definition, moving its handling of negative length
parameter into <tt>winnwstr</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>change <tt>winwstr</tt> to return wide character count
instead of <em>OK</em>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>disallow directories and block/character devices in
safe-open.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>amend <tt>scr_restore</tt> and <tt>scr_init</tt> to remove
the target window only after validating the source window
which will replace the target</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify <tt>_nc_flush</tt> to also flush <em>stderr</em> to
help the <em>flash</em> capability to work in
<tt>bash</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>trim padding from <em>sgr</em> expression used in
<tt>trim_sgr0</tt>, to avoid copying the padding into the
resulting sgr0</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify <tt>misc/Makefile.in</tt> and
<tt>misc/run_tic.in</tt> so that <tt>$DESTDIR</tt> is set and
used only in the makefile.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify <tt>MKfallback.sh</tt> to eliminate
<tt>TERMINFO</tt> environment variable.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>add <tt>-x</tt> option to <tt>infocmp</tt> in
<tt>MKfallback.sh</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>limit value from <tt>ESCDELAY</tt> environment variable to
30 seconds, like other delay limits.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>limit values from <tt>LINES</tt> and <tt>COLUMNS</tt>
environment variables to 512</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added check in <tt>wresize</tt> for out-of-range
dimensions</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improved error-handling in c++ binding</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improved error-reporting in <tt>write_entry.c</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>amended limit used in <tt>alloc_pair</tt>, by applying an
adjustment for default colors only when the maximum number of
color pairs is greater than the maximum number of colors</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added limit-checks in <tt>alloc_entry.c</tt> and
<tt>alloc_ttype.c</tt> to avoid indexing errors when using
<tt>infocmp</tt> to compare all capabilities when processing
a malformed terminfo binary which has a valid header</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added a null pointer check in mouse-initialization, for
the Windows driver</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added some null-pointer checks after <tt>malloc</tt>s in
test-programs.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>These are corrections to existing features:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>removed test in <tt>wgetch</tt> which applied
<tt>notimeout</tt> to the initial read of a character</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added check for special case of <tt>wcrtomb</tt>
converting a single byte code to a different single byte
code, which glibc does for code 160 in the KOI8-R
encoding</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>corrected <tt>_nc_to_char</tt> for the case when
<tt>wctob</tt> is not found by configure script</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>revised loop in <tt>wins_nwstr</tt>, to ensure that
non-spacing characters are combined with the base spacing
character</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modified checks in <tt>delwin</tt> to avoid checking if
the window is a pad until first checking if it is still on
the active window-list</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="h3-programs" id="h3-programs">Program
improvements</a></h3>
<h4><a name="h4-utilities" id="h4-utilities">Utilities</a></h4>
<p>Several improvements were made to the utility programs.</p>
<dl>
<dt><span class="part-name"><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/man/infocmp.1m.html">infocmp</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<ul>
<li>
<p>improved <tt>infocmp</tt> <tt>-E</tt>/<tt>-e</tt>
fallback feature</p>
<ul>
<li>prefix names with &ldquo;<tt>ti_</tt>&rdquo; if
they begin with a digit, e.g., 9term</li>
<li>escape backslashes and double-quotes in description
fields</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>modified <tt>infocmp</tt> <tt>-E</tt>/<tt>-e</tt>
fallback feature to reduce stricter compiler warnings for
the extended capability data.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modified <tt>infocmp</tt> and <tt>tabs</tt> to use
actual name in usage and header.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improved error-message from <tt>infocmp</tt> when a
terminal entry cannot be opened</p>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name"><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/man/tic.1m.html">tic</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<ul>
<li>
<p>increased limit on use-clauses from 32 to 40, warn but
allow entries which exceed the old limit.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added check for infinite loop in <tt>tic</tt>'s
use-resolution.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added a buffer-limit check in
<tt>postprocess_termcap</tt></p>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name"><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/man/tput.1m.html">tput</a></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Warn about capabilities which expect parameters where
none are given. Also, repair the feature where multiple
capabilities can be handled on a single line.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<h4><a name="h4-examples" id="h4-examples">Examples</a></h4>
<p>Along with the library and utilities, improvements were made
to the <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses-examples.html">ncurses-examples</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>add help-popup for <tt>test_instr.c</tt>,
<tt>test_inwstr.c</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>add options to <tt>test/worm.c</tt> for benchmarking.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improve <tt>-t</tt> option of <tt>test/gdc.c</tt>,
allowing hours only, or hours and minutes only.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>correct dimensions in <tt>test/popup_msg.c</tt>, fixing an
overrun.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify <tt>test/demo_keyok.c</tt> to accept <tt>^Q</tt>
for quit, for consistency.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>add option &ldquo;<tt>-c</tt>&rdquo; to test programs to
illustrate a non-blank character in the window background
property.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>reserve <tt>-c</tt>/<tt>-l</tt> options in
<tt>test/*.c</tt> for command/logging like <a href=
"@WEBSITE@/vttest/">vttest</a>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>There is one new demo/test program:</p>
<dl>
<dt><span class=
"part-name"><em>ncurses/report_ctype.c</em></span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>Shows a chart of the first 256 character codes, which are
not as consistent across platforms for ctype versus wctype as
some suppose.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3><a name="h3-database" id="h3-database">Terminal database</a></h3>
<p>There are several new terminal descriptions:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ghostty"><tt>ghostty</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-illumos"><tt>illumos</tt></a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-sun-16color"><tt>sun-16color</tt></a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-sun-256color"><tt>sun-256color</tt></a>,
and <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-sun-direct"><tt>sun-direct</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ms-terminal-direct"><tt>ms-terminal-direct</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-pangoterm"><tt>pangoterm</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-rlogin-color"><tt>rlogin-color</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-sclp"><tt>sclp</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vt520-w"><tt>vt520-w</tt></a>
and <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vt525-w"><tt>vt525-w</tt></a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>along with building blocks</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-linux_lockeys"><tt>linux+lockeys</tt></a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-xterm_r5_lockeys"><tt>xterm+r5+lockeys</tt></a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-xterm_r5_fkeys"><tt>xterm+r5+fkeys</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vt100_pf1-pf4"><tt>vt100+pf1-pf4</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vt220_ufkeys"><tt>vt220+ufkeys</tt></a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vt220_sfkeys"><tt>vt220+sfkeys</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ecma_standout"><tt>ecma+standout</tt></a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ecma_underline"><tt>ecma+underline</tt></a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-wyse+cvis"><tt>wyse+cvis</tt></a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>There are many changes to existing terminal descriptions. Some
were updates to several descriptions, using the
<code>infocmp</code> &ldquo;<code>-u</code>&rdquo; option in a
script to determine which <em>building-block</em> entries could
be used to replace multiple capability settings (and trim
redundant information).</p>
<p>Other changes include:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>use <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-xterm_keypad">xterm+keypad</a>
in <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-pccon_base">pccon+base</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>use <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-bracketed_paste">bracketed+paste</a>
in <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-nsterm">nsterm</a>,
<a href="@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-rlogin-color">rlogin-color</a>,
<a href="@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-screen">screen</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-terminology">terminology</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>use extended-keys in <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-djgpp">djgpp</a> 2.05</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>update/correct some of the rv/xr strings, checked with</p>
<p><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/tack.html">tack</a></p>
<ul>
<li>add rv code for <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-alacritty">alacritty</a></li>
<li>add xr code for <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-putty">putty</a></li>
<li>add rv/xr codes for <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-domterm">domterm</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-mintty">mintty</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-mlterm">mlterm</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-contour">contour</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ghostty">ghostty</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-iterm2">iterm2</a>,
<a href="@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-kitty">kitty</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-konsole">konsole</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vscode">vscode</a>,
<a href="@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vte">vte</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-wezterm">wezterm</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>improve use-clauses: <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ansi_cup">ansi+cup</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ansi_idl1">ansi+idl1</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ansi_rca">ansi+rca</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ansi_rca2">ansi+rca2</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ansi_sgrso">ansi+sgrso</a>,
<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ansi_sgrul">ansi+sgrul</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-sclp">sclp</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li>add kf1 to kf5</li>
<li>use <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ansi_rca">ansi+rca</a></li>
<li>use <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vt220_pcedit">vt220+pcedit</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-vt525">vt525</a></p>
<ul>
<li>add color</li>
<li>add op</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-wezterm">wezterm</a>:</p>
<ul>
<li>use <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-xterm_alt_title">xterm+alt+title</a></li>
<li>omit its broken left/right margin feature</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>update <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-contour">contour</a></li>
<li>
<p>update <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-ms-terminal">ms-terminal</a></p>
<ul>
<li>add XM/xm to ms-terminal, to enable mouse with
experimental Windows driver</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>update <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-st">st</a> to 0.8.5</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>update <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-teraterm">teraterm</a> to
5.0</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>update <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-foot">foot</a> to
1.18.1</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>update <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/terminfo.src.html#tic-iterm2">iTerm2</a> to
3.5.0</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="h3-documentation" id=
"h3-documentation">Documentation</a></h3>
<p>As usual, this release</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>improves documentation by describing new features,</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>attempts to improve the description of features which
users have found confusing</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>fills in overlooked descriptions of features which were
described in the <a href="@HOMEPAGE@/NEWS.html">NEWS</a> file
but treated sketchily in manual pages.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>In addition to providing background information to explain
these features and show how they evolved, there are corrections,
clarifications, etc.:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Corrections:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>corrected note about box() in curs_border.3x</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added note on scrolling and lower-right corner to
waddch and wadd_wch manual pages.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>Other improvements:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>This release has many changes to improve the
formatting and style of the man pages.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Table layout in the man pages has been revised.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/howto/NCURSES-Programming-HOWTO.html">ncurses
HOWTO</a> and its sample programs has been updated.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>There are no new manual pages (all of the manual page updates
are to existing pages).</p>
<h3><a name="h3-bug-fixes" id="h3-bug-fixes">Interesting
bug-fixes</a></h3>
<h3><a name="h3-config-config" id=
"h3-config-config">Configuration changes</a></h3>
<h4><a name="h4-config-major" id="h4-config-major">Major
changes</a></h4>
<p>Improvements made to configure checks include</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>improve configure check for &ldquo;install&rdquo;.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>add check for build-time utilities, in case
cross-compiling is setup with an invalid
<tt>$BUILD_CC</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>add configure check for <tt>&lt;sys/fsuid.h&gt;</tt>,
which may be needed for flatpacks</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>add a consistency-check for termio(s)/tty headers, to help
with cross-compiles</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify configure check for
<tt>MAKEFLAGS</tt>/<tt>MFLAGS</tt> to ignore existing value
of these environment variables</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improve configurability of <tt>alloca</tt> as used in
Windows ports.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify configure script checks for <tt>stdbool.h</tt> to
fix build with older gcc version.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>add &lt;new&gt; to the possible headers declaring the C++
<tt>std::bad_alloc</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify check for <tt>stdbool.h</tt> to be more
conservative in case the headers are used with a compiler
other than that which was used to configure</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>remove dependency on <tt>stdbool.h</tt> from configure
script check for type of <em>bool</em> when C++ binding is
omitted.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h4><a name="h4-config-options" id=
"h4-config-options">Configuration options</a></h4>
<p>There are a few new configure options:</p>
<dl>
<dt><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/INSTALL.html#option:enable-install-prefix"><tt>--enable-install-prefix</tt></a>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>Modify behavior of <tt>$DESTDIR</tt> to merge or replace
the value set by <tt>--prefix</tt>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/INSTALL.html#option:enable-named-pipes"><tt>--enable-named-pipes</tt></a>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>The Windows driver uses named pipes for communicating with
a pseudo console, allowing it to use escape sequences rather
than Console API. This works well with mintty. On the
downside, this feature may not work well with the Windows
Terminal due to a longstanding bug in <tt>conhost.exe</tt>
(<a href=
"https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/issues/9461">#9461</a>).</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>These configure options are modified:</p>
<dl>
<dt><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/INSTALL.html#option:enable-exp-win32"><tt>--enable-exp-win32</tt></a>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>This option is obsolete, replaced by
<tt>--enable-named-pipes</tt>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/INSTALL.html#option:enable-term-driver"><tt>--enable-term-driver</tt></a>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>This is enabled by default on platforms where the Windows
driver can be compiled, e.g., Cygwin, MinGW32 and MSYS2.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h4><a name="h4-config-package" id="h4-config-package">Package
configuration scripts</a></h4>
<p>The configure script and makefiles optionally generate a
script which reports the compiler and linker options needed to
build a program with ncurses, as well as a data file which is
used via pkg-config for the same purpose. Several improvements
were made for these scripts:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>improved filtering of <tt>-L</tt> options in
<tt>misc/gen-pkgconfig.in</tt> and in
<tt>misc/ncurses-config.in</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modified <tt>ncurses*-config</tt> to add <tt>-I</tt>
option in <tt>--cflag</tt> where needed for
<tt>--disable-overwrite</tt> to match ".pc" files.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>suppressed <tt>-g</tt> and <tt>-fXXX</tt> flags from
<tt>CFLAGS</tt> in <tt>misc/ncurses-config.in</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modified configure script to allow for <tt>pkg-config</tt>
using DOS/Windows pathname syntax</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modified <tt>misc/ncurses-config.in</tt>, improved match
with <tt>pkg-config output</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>adjusted naming of test packages for MinGW
<tt>*-config</tt> scripts to match the <tt>pkg-config</tt>
names</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>added <tt>--cflags-only-I</tt> and
<tt>--cflags-only-other</tt> options to
<tt>misc/ncurses-config.in</tt></p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="h3-portability" id="h3-portability">Portability</a></h3>
<p>Many of the portability changes are implemented via the
configure script:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>disallow configure options which apply only to multiuser
systems, to improve ports to single-user systems such as
Haiku</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>add warning to configure script to address conflict
between the <tt>--enable-lp64</tt> option and the options for
overriding the types used for <tt>chtype</tt> and
<tt>mmask_t</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify configure script cases for $host_os, to accommodate
64-bit big-endian POWER Linux with glibc</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify configure script and misc/Makefile to accept glob
expressions that include Windows/DOS drive-letters</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>change <tt>Ada95/configure</tt> to use
<tt>--with-screen</tt> option rather than
<tt>--enable-widec</tt>, to provide more choices of
underlying curses library.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify configure script to work around broken gnatgcc
script found in gcc-13 builds.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Other portability fixes include:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>improve pattern used for configure
<tt>--with-xterm-kbs</tt> option.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify recursive make rules to avoid interference with GNU
make's "-j" option</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>when installing the terminfo database, check if symbolic
links are supported before attemping to link lib/terminfo
from share/terminfo</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improve logic in misc/run_tic.in for constructing symbolic
link when <tt>$DESTDIR</tt> is set.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>build-fix for ncurses-examples with newer PDCurses, which
no longer has stubs for unimplemented features.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>change <tt>etip.h.in</tt> to include either/both of
<tt>&lt;new&gt;</tt> and <tt>&lt;exception&gt;</tt>, needed
for another old BSD.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>correct conditional-compile for a case when the C compiler
does not have a bool type.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>improve <tt>MKlib_gen.sh</tt> handling of
&ldquo;bool&rdquo; type, for building link_test.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify <tt>ncurses/tinfo/MKfallback.sh</tt> to work with
MacOS <tt>sed</tt>, which lacks BSD-style <tt>\&lt;</tt> and
<tt>\&gt;</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>modify <tt>MKlib_gen.c</tt> to allow for Solaris's
definition of <tt>NULL</tt> as <tt>0L</tt>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>widen pattern in pc/*-config scripts to disallow more
linker options.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>avoid redefining bool in <tt>curses.h</tt> if the platform
already supports that type.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>move include <tt>&lt;curses.h&gt;</tt> from
<tt>etip.h.in</tt> to <tt>cursesw.h</tt>, to work around
breakage in Apple's port of ncurses.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h2><a name="h2-features" id="h2-features">Features of
<span class="main-name">ncurses</span></a></h2>
<p>The <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> package is fully
upward-compatible with SVr4 (System V Release 4) curses:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>All of the SVr4 calls have been implemented (and are
documented).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="main-name">ncurses</span> supports the
features of SVr4 curses including keyboard mapping, color,
form drawing with ACS characters, and automatic recognition
of keypad and function keys.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="main-name">ncurses</span> provides work-alike
replacements of SVr4 supplemental libraries based on curses,
but which were not specified by X/Open Curses:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>the panel library, permitting windows to stack and
overlap</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>the menu library, supporting a uniform but flexible
interface for menu programming</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>the form library, supporting data collection through
on-screen forms</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p><span class="main-name">ncurses</span>'s terminal database
is fully compatible with that used by SVr4 curses.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span class="main-name">ncurses</span> supports
user-defined capabilities that it can see, but which are
hidden from SVr4 curses applications using the
<em>same</em> terminal database.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>It can be optionally configured to match the format
used in related systems such as AIX and Tru64.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Alternatively, <span class="main-name">ncurses</span>
can be configured to use hashed databases rather than the
directory of files used by SVr4 curses.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> utilities have
options to allow you to filter terminfo entries for use with
less capable <em>curses</em>/<em>terminfo</em> versions such
as the HP-UX and AIX ports.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> package also has
many useful extensions over SVr4:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The API is 8-bit clean and base-level conformant with the
X/Open Curses specification, XSI curses (that is, it
implements all <em>BASE</em> level features, and almost all
<em>EXTENDED</em> features). It includes many function calls
not supported under SVr4 curses (but portability of all calls
is documented so you can use the SVr4 subset only).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Unlike SVr3 curses, <span class="main-name">ncurses</span>
can write to the rightmost-bottommost corner of the screen if
your terminal has an insert-character capability.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Ada95 and C++ bindings.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for mouse event reporting with X Window xterm and
FreeBSD and OS/2 console windows.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Extended mouse support via Alessandro Rubini's gpm
package.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The function <code>wresize</code> allows you to resize
windows, preserving their data.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The function <code>use_default_colors</code> allows you to
use the terminal's default colors for the default color pair,
achieving the effect of transparent colors.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The functions <code>keyok</code> and
<code>define_key</code> allow you to better control the use
of function keys, e.g., disabling the <span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span> KEY_MOUSE, or by defining more
than one control sequence to map to a given key code.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for direct-color terminals, such as modern
xterm.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for 256-color terminals, such as modern xterm.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for 16-color terminals, such as <em>aixterm</em>
and <em>modern xterm</em>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Better cursor-movement optimization. The package now
features a cursor-local-movement computation more efficient
than either BSD's or System V's.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Super hardware scrolling support. The screen-update code
incorporates a novel, simple, and cheap algorithm that
enables it to make optimal use of hardware scrolling,
line-insertion, and line-deletion for screen-line movements.
This algorithm is more powerful than the 4.4BSD curses
<code>quickch</code> routine.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Real support for terminals with the magic-cookie glitch.
The screen-update code will refrain from drawing a highlight
if the magic- cookie unattributed spaces required just before
the beginning and after the end would step on a non-space
character. It will automatically shift highlight boundaries
when doing so would make it possible to draw the highlight
without changing the visual appearance of the screen.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>It is possible to generate the library with a list of
pre-loaded fallback entries linked to it so that it can serve
those terminal types even when no terminfo tree or termcap
file is accessible (this may be useful for support of
screen-oriented programs that must run in single-user
mode).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <a href="@HOMEPAGE@/man/tic.1m.html"><span class=
"part-name">tic</span></a>/<a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/man/captoinfo.1m.html">captoinfo</a> utility
provided with <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> has the
ability to translate many termcaps from the XENIX, IBM and
AT&amp;T extension sets.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A BSD-like <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/man/tset.1.html"><span class=
"part-name">tset</span></a> utility is provided.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> library and
utilities will automatically read terminfo entries from
$HOME/.terminfo if it exists, and compile to that directory
if it exists and the user has no write access to the system
directory. This feature makes it easier for users to have
personal terminfo entries without giving up access to the
system terminfo directory.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>You may specify a path of directories to search for
compiled descriptions with the environment variable
TERMINFO_DIRS (this generalizes the feature provided by
TERMINFO under stock System V.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In terminfo source files, use capabilities may refer not
just to other entries in the same source file (as in System
V) but also to compiled entries in either the system terminfo
directory or the user's $HOME/.terminfo directory.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The table-of-entries utility <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/man/toe.1m.html"><span class=
"part-name">toe</span></a> makes it easy for users to see
exactly what terminal types are available on the system.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>X/Open Curses permits most functions it specifies to be
made available as macros as well. ncurses does this</p>
<ul>
<li>to improve performance, e.g., for operations composed
of simpler functions such as cursor movement following by
adding text to the screen,</li>
<li>to simplify the implementation by reusing functions
which use common parameters, e.g., the standard screen
<code>stdscr</code>, and</li>
<li>to provide functions that return values via their
parameters</li>
</ul>
<p>Except for the last case, ncurses provides a non-macro
implementation of the function. If the macro definition is
disabled with <code>#undef</code>, or by defining
<code>NCURSES_NOMACROS</code> the function may be linked (and
its calls will be checked against the prototype).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Extensive documentation is provided (see the <em><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses.faq.html#additional_reading">Additional
Reading</a></em> section of the <em><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses.faq.html"><span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span> FAQ</a></em> for online
documentation).</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2><a name="h2-who-uses" id="h2-who-uses">Applications using
<span class="main-name">ncurses</span></a></h2>
<p>The <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> distribution
includes a selection of test programs (including a few games).
These are available separately as <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses-examples.html">ncurses-examples</a></p>
<p>The ncurses library has been tested with a wide variety of
applications including:</p>
<blockquote>
<dl>
<dt><span class="part-name">aptitude</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>FrontEnd to Apt, the debian package manager</p>
<p><a href=
"https://wiki.debian.org/Aptitude">https://wiki.debian.org/Aptitude</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">cdk</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>Curses Development Kit</p>
<p><a href="@WEBSITE@/cdk/">@WEBSITE@/cdk/</a><br>
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">ded</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>directory-editor</p>
<p><a href="@WEBSITE@/ded/">@WEBSITE@/ded/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">dialog</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>the underlying application used in Slackware's setup,
and the basis for similar install/configure applications on
many systems.</p>
<p><a href="@WEBSITE@/dialog/">@WEBSITE@/dialog/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">lynx</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>the text WWW browser</p>
<p><a href=
"https://lynx.invisible-island.net/">https://lynx.invisible-island.net/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">mutt</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>mail utility</p>
<p><a href="http://www.mutt.org/">http://www.mutt.org/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">ncftp</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>file-transfer utility</p>
<p><a href=
"https://www.ncftp.com/">https://www.ncftp.com/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">nvi</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>New vi uses ncurses.</p>
<p><a href=
"https://sites.google.com/a/bostic.com/keithbostic/the-berkeley-vi-editor-home-page">
https://sites.google.com/a/bostic.com/keithbostic/the-berkeley-vi-editor-home-page</a><br>
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">ranger</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>A console file manager with VI key bindings in
<em>Python</em>.</p>
<p><a href=
"https://ranger.github.io/">https://ranger.github.io/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">tin</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>newsreader, supporting color, MIME</p>
<p><a href="http://www.tin.org/">http://www.tin.org/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">vifm</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>File manager with vi like keybindings</p>
<p><a href="https://vifm.info/">https://vifm.info/</a></p>
</dd>
</dl>
</blockquote>
<p>as well as some that use <span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span> for the terminfo support alone:</p>
<blockquote>
<dl>
<dt><span class="part-name">minicom</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>terminal emulator for serial modem connections</p>
<p><a href=
"https://salsa.debian.org/minicom-team/minicom">https://salsa.debian.org/minicom-team/minicom</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">mosh</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>a replacement for <code>ssh</code>.</p>
<p><a href="https://mosh.org/">https://mosh.org/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">tack</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>terminfo action checker</p>
<p><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/tack.html">@HOMEPAGE@/tack.html</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">tmux</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>terminal multiplexor</p>
<p><a href=
"https://github.com/tmux/tmux/wiki">https://github.com/tmux/tmux/wiki</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">vile</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p><em>vi-like-emacs</em> may be built to use the terminfo,
termcap or curses interfaces.</p>
<p><a href="@WEBSITE@/vile/">@WEBSITE@/vile/</a></p>
</dd>
</dl>
</blockquote>
<p>and finally, those which use only the termcap interface:</p>
<blockquote>
<dl>
<dt><span class="part-name">emacs</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>text editor</p>
<p><a href=
"https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/">https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">less</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>The most commonly used <em>pager</em> (a program that
displays text files).</p>
<p><a href=
"http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/">http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">screen</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>terminal multiplexor</p>
<p><a href=
"https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/">https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="part-name">vim</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>text editor</p>
<p><a href="https://www.vim.org/">https://www.vim.org/</a></p>
</dd>
</dl>
</blockquote>
<h2><a name="h2-development" id="h2-development">Development
activities</a></h2>
<p>Zeyd Ben-Halim started <span class="main-name">ncurses</span>
from a previous package pcurses, written by Pavel Curtis. Eric S.
Raymond continued development. J&uuml;rgen Pfeifer wrote most of
the form and menu libraries.</p>
<p>Ongoing development work is done by <a href=
"mailto:dickey@invisible-island.net">Thomas E. Dickey</a>. Thomas
E. Dickey has acted as the maintainer for the Free Software
Foundation, which held a <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses-license.html">copyright on ncurses</a> for
releases 4.2 through 6.1. Following the release of ncurses 6.1,
effective as of release 6.2, copyright for ncurses reverted to
Thomas E. Dickey (see the <a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses.faq.html#relicensed">ncurses FAQ</a> for
additional information).</p>
<p>Contact the current maintainers at</p>
<blockquote>
<a href="mailto:bug-ncurses@gnu.org">bug-ncurses@gnu.org</a>
</blockquote>
<p>To join the ncurses mailing list, please write email to</p>
<blockquote>
<a href=
"mailto:bug-ncurses-request@gnu.org">bug-ncurses-request@gnu.org</a>
</blockquote>
containing the line:
<blockquote>
<p><code>subscribe</code>
<em>&lt;name&gt;@&lt;host.domain&gt;</em></p>
</blockquote>
<p>This list is open to anyone interested in helping with the
development and testing of this package.</p>
<p>Beta versions of <span class="main-name">ncurses</span> are
made available at</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href=
"https://invisible-island.net/archives/ncurses/current/">https://invisible-island.net/archives/ncurses/current/</a>
and<br>
<a href=
"https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/current/">https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/current/</a>&nbsp;.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Patches to the current release are made available at</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href=
"https://invisible-island.net/archives/ncurses/6.5/">https://invisible-island.net/archives/ncurses/6.5/</a>
and<br>
<a href=
"https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/6.5/">https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/6.5/</a>&nbsp;.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>There is an archive of the mailing list here:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href=
"https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-ncurses">https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-ncurses</a>&nbsp;.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2><a name="h2-this-stuff" id="h2-this-stuff">Related
resources</a></h2>
<p>The release notes make scattered references to these pages,
which may be interesting by themselves:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses-license.html"><span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span> licensing</a></li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses-mapsyms.html">Symbol versioning
in <span class="main-name">ncurses</span></a></li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses-slang.html">Comments on
<span class="main-name">ncurses</span> versus <span class=
"main-name">slang</span> (S-Lang)</a></li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses-openbsd.html">Comments on
<span class="main-name">OpenBSD</span></a></li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/tack.html">tack &ndash; terminfo action
checker</a></li>
<li><a href="@HOMEPAGE@/tctest.html">tctest &ndash; termcap
library checker</a></li>
<li><a href=
"@HOMEPAGE@/ncurses.html#download_database">Terminal
Database</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><a name="h2-other-stuff" id="h2-other-stuff">Other
resources</a></h2>
<p>The distribution provides a newer version of the
terminfo-format terminal description file once maintained by
<a href="http://www.catb.org/~esr/terminfo/">Eric
Raymond</a>&nbsp;. Unlike the older version, the termcap and
terminfo data are provided in the same file, which also provides
several user-definable extensions beyond the X/Open Curses
specification.</p>
<p>You can find lots of information on terminal-related topics
not covered in the terminfo file in <a href=
"https://shuford.invisible-island.net/">Richard Shuford's
archive</a> (<a href=
"http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.cs.utk.edu/~shuford/terminal">original</a>).
The collection of computer manuals at <a href=
"http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/">bitsavers.org</a> has also been
useful.</p>
<div class="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="#h2-overview">Overview</a></li>
<li>
<a href="#h2-release-notes">Release Notes</a>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#h3-library">Library improvements</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#h4-term-driver">Terminal driver</a></li>
<li><a href="#h4-fixes-library">Other
improvements</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#h3-programs">Program improvements</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#h4-utilities">Utilities</a></li>
<li><a href="#h4-examples">Examples</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#h3-database">Terminal database</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-documentation">Documentation</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-bug-fixes">Interesting bug-fixes</a></li>
<li>
<a href="#h3-config-config">Configuration changes</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#h4-config-major">Major changes</a></li>
<li><a href="#h4-config-options">Configuration
options</a></li>
<li><a href="#h4-config-package">Package
configuration scripts</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#h3-portability">Portability</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#h2-features">Features of <span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span></a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-who-uses">Applications using <span class=
"main-name">ncurses</span></a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-development">Development activities</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-this-stuff">Related resources</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-other-stuff">Other resources</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>