2f37847820
This commit replaces the `newhashfromarray` instruction with a `duphash`
instruction. Instead of allocating a new hash from an array stored in
the Instruction Sequences, store a hash directly in the instruction
sequences and dup it on execution.
== Instruction sequence changes ==
```ruby
code = <<-eorby
{ "foo" => "bar", "baz" => "lol" }
eorby
insns = RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile(code, __FILE__, nil, 0, frozen_string_literal: true)
puts insns.disasm
```
On Ruby 2.5:
```
== disasm: #<ISeq:<compiled>@test.rb:0 (0,0)-(0,36)>====================
0000 putobject "foo"
0002 putobject "bar"
0004 putobject "baz"
0006 putobject "lol"
0008 newhash 4
0010 leave
```
Ruby 2.6@r66174 3b6321083a2e3525da3b34d08a0b68bac094bd7f:
```
$ ./ruby test.rb
== disasm: #<ISeq:<compiled>@test.rb:0 (0,0)-(0,36)> (catch: FALSE)
0000 newhashfromarray 2, ["foo", "bar", "baz", "lol"]
0003 leave
```
Ruby 2.6 + This commit:
```
$ ./ruby test.rb
== disasm: #<ISeq:<compiled>@test.rb:0 (0,0)-(0,36)> (catch: FALSE)
0000 duphash {"foo"=>"bar", "baz"=>"lol"}
0002 leave
```
== Benchmark Results ==
Compared to 2.5.3:
```
$ make benchmark ITEM=hash_literal_small COMPARE_RUBY=/Users/aaron/.rbenv/versions/2.5.3/bin/ruby
generating known_errors.inc
known_errors.inc unchanged
./revision.h unchanged
/Users/aaron/.rbenv/shims/ruby --disable=gems -rrubygems -I./benchmark/lib ./benchmark/benchmark-driver/exe/benchmark-driver \
--executables="compare-ruby::/Users/aaron/.rbenv/versions/2.5.3/bin/ruby -I.ext/common --disable-gem" \
--executables="built-ruby::./miniruby -I./lib -I. -I.ext/common -r./prelude --disable-gem" \
$(find ./benchmark -maxdepth 1 -name '*hash_literal_small*.yml' -o -name '*hash_literal_small*.rb' | sort)
Calculating -------------------------------------
compare-ruby built-ruby
hash_literal_small2 1.498 1.877 i/s - 1.000 times in 0.667581s 0.532656s
hash_literal_small4 1.197 1.642 i/s - 1.000 times in 0.835375s 0.609160s
hash_literal_small8 0.620 1.215 i/s - 1.000 times in 1.611638s 0.823090s
Comparison:
hash_literal_small2
built-ruby: 1.9 i/s
compare-ruby: 1.5 i/s - 1.25x slower
hash_literal_small4
built-ruby: 1.6 i/s
compare-ruby: 1.2 i/s - 1.37x slower
hash_literal_small8
built-ruby: 1.2 i/s
compare-ruby: 0.6 i/s - 1.96x slower
```
Compared to r66255
```
$ make benchmark ITEM=hash_literal_small COMPARE_RUBY=/Users/aaron/.rbenv/versions/ruby-trunk/bin/ruby
generating known_errors.inc
known_errors.inc unchanged
./revision.h unchanged
/Users/aaron/.rbenv/shims/ruby --disable=gems -rrubygems -I./benchmark/lib ./benchmark/benchmark-driver/exe/benchmark-driver \
--executables="compare-ruby::/Users/aaron/.rbenv/versions/ruby-trunk/bin/ruby -I.ext/common --disable-gem" \
--executables="built-ruby::./miniruby -I./lib -I. -I.ext/common -r./prelude --disable-gem" \
$(find ./benchmark -maxdepth 1 -name '*hash_literal_small*.yml' -o -name '*hash_literal_small*.rb' | sort)
Calculating -------------------------------------
compare-ruby built-ruby
hash_literal_small2 1.567 1.831 i/s - 1.000 times in 0.638056s 0.546039s
hash_literal_small4 1.298 1.652 i/s - 1.000 times in 0.770214s 0.605182s
hash_literal_small8 0.873 1.216 i/s - 1.000 times in 1.145304s 0.822047s
Comparison:
hash_literal_small2
built-ruby: 1.8 i/s
compare-ruby: 1.6 i/s - 1.17x slower
hash_literal_small4
built-ruby: 1.7 i/s
compare-ruby: 1.3 i/s - 1.27x slower
hash_literal_small8
built-ruby: 1.2 i/s
compare-ruby: 0.9 i/s - 1.39x slower
```
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@66258 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
What's Ruby
Ruby is the interpreted scripting language for quick and easy object-oriented programming. It has many features to process text files and to do system management tasks (as in Perl). It is simple, straight-forward, and extensible.
Features of Ruby
- Simple Syntax
- Normal Object-oriented Features (e.g. class, method calls)
- Advanced Object-oriented Features (e.g. mix-in, singleton-method)
- Operator Overloading
- Exception Handling
- Iterators and Closures
- Garbage Collection
- Dynamic Loading of Object Files (on some architectures)
- Highly Portable (works on many Unix-like/POSIX compatible platforms as well as Windows, macOS, Haiku, etc.) cf. https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/trunk/doc/contributing.rdoc#platform-maintainers
How to get Ruby
For a complete list of ways to install Ruby, including using third-party tools like rvm, see:
https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/
The trunk of the Ruby source tree can be checked out with the following command:
$ svn co https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/trunk/ ruby
Or if you are using git then use the following command:
$ git clone https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
There are some other branches under development. Try the following command to see the list of branches:
$ svn ls https://svn.ruby-lang.org/repos/ruby/branches/
Or if you are using git then use the following command:
$ git ls-remote https://github.com/ruby/ruby.git
Ruby home page
The URL of the Ruby home page is:
Mailing list
There is a mailing list to talk about Ruby. To subscribe to this list, please send the following phrase:
subscribe
in the mail body (not subject) to the address ruby-talk-request@ruby-lang.org.
How to compile and install
This is what you need to do to compile and install Ruby:
-
If you want to use Microsoft Visual C++ to compile Ruby, read win32/README.win32 instead of this document.
-
If
./configuredoes not exist or is older thanconfigure.ac, runautoconfto (re)generate configure. -
Run
./configure, which will generateconfig.handMakefile.Some C compiler flags may be added by default depending on your environment. Specify
optflags=..andwarnflags=..as necessary to override them. -
Edit
defines.hif you need. Usually this step will not be needed. -
Remove comment mark(
#) before the module names fromext/Setup(or add module names if not present), if you want to link modules statically.If you don't want to compile non static extension modules (probably on architectures which do not allow dynamic loading), remove comment mark from the line "
#option nodynamic" inext/Setup.Usually this step will not be needed.
-
Run
make.- On Mac, set RUBY_CODESIGN environment variable with a signing identity.
It uses the identity to sign
rubybinary. See also codesign(1).
- On Mac, set RUBY_CODESIGN environment variable with a signing identity.
It uses the identity to sign
-
Optionally, run '
make check' to check whether the compiled Ruby interpreter works well. If you see the message "check succeeded", your Ruby works as it should (hopefully). -
Optionally, run
make update-gemsandmake extract-gems.If you want to install bundled gems, run
make update-gemsandmake extract-gemsbefore runningmake install. -
Run '
make install'.This command will create the following directories and install files into them.
${DESTDIR}${prefix}/bin${DESTDIR}${prefix}/include/ruby-${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/include/ruby-${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/site_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/${PLATFORM}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/lib/ruby/gems/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}${DESTDIR}${prefix}/share/man/man1${DESTDIR}${prefix}/share/ri/${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${TEENY}/system
If Ruby's API version is 'x.y.z', the
${MAJOR}is 'x', the${MINOR}is 'y', and the${TEENY}is 'z'.NOTE: teeny of the API version may be different from one of Ruby's program version
You may have to be a super user to install Ruby.
If you fail to compile Ruby, please send the detailed error report with the error log and machine/OS type, to help others.
Some extension libraries may not get compiled because of lack of necessary
external libraries and/or headers, then you will need to run 'make distclean-ext'
to remove old configuration after installing them in such case.
Copying
See the file COPYING.
Feedback
Questions about the Ruby language can be asked on the Ruby-Talk mailing list (https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/community/mailing-lists) or on websites like (https://stackoverflow.com).
Bug reports should be filed at https://bugs.ruby-lang.org. Read HowToReport for more information.
Contributing
See the file CONTRIBUTING.md
The Author
Ruby was originally designed and developed by Yukihiro Matsumoto (Matz) in 1995.