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104 lines
3.6 KiB
Plaintext
104 lines
3.6 KiB
Plaintext
Creates an array of substrings by splitting +self+
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at each occurrence of the given field separator +field_sep+.
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With no arguments given,
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splits using the field separator <tt>$;</tt>,
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whose default value is +nil+.
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With no block given, returns the array of substrings:
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'abracadabra'.split('a') # => ["", "br", "c", "d", "br"]
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When +field_sep+ is +nil+ or <tt>' '</tt> (a single space),
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splits at each sequence of whitespace:
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'foo bar baz'.split(nil) # => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
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'foo bar baz'.split(' ') # => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
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"foo \n\tbar\t\n baz".split(' ') # => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
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'foo bar baz'.split(' ') # => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
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''.split(' ') # => []
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When +field_sep+ is an empty string,
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splits at every character:
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'abracadabra'.split('') # => ["a", "b", "r", "a", "c", "a", "d", "a", "b", "r", "a"]
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''.split('') # => []
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'тест'.split('') # => ["т", "е", "с", "т"]
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'こんにちは'.split('') # => ["こ", "ん", "に", "ち", "は"]
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When +field_sep+ is a non-empty string and different from <tt>' '</tt> (a single space),
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uses that string as the separator:
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'abracadabra'.split('a') # => ["", "br", "c", "d", "br"]
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'abracadabra'.split('ab') # => ["", "racad", "ra"]
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''.split('a') # => []
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'тест'.split('т') # => ["", "ес"]
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'こんにちは'.split('に') # => ["こん", "ちは"]
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When +field_sep+ is a Regexp,
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splits at each occurrence of a matching substring:
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'abracadabra'.split(/ab/) # => ["", "racad", "ra"]
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'1 + 1 == 2'.split(/\W+/) # => ["1", "1", "2"]
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'abracadabra'.split(//) # => ["a", "b", "r", "a", "c", "a", "d", "a", "b", "r", "a"]
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If the \Regexp contains groups, their matches are included
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in the returned array:
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'1:2:3'.split(/(:)()()/, 2) # => ["1", ":", "", "", "2:3"]
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Argument +limit+ sets a limit on the size of the returned array;
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it also determines whether trailing empty strings are included in the returned array.
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When +limit+ is zero,
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there is no limit on the size of the array,
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but trailing empty strings are omitted:
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'abracadabra'.split('', 0) # => ["a", "b", "r", "a", "c", "a", "d", "a", "b", "r", "a"]
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'abracadabra'.split('a', 0) # => ["", "br", "c", "d", "br"] # Empty string after last 'a' omitted.
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When +limit+ is a positive integer,
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there is a limit on the size of the array (no more than <tt>n - 1</tt> splits occur),
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and trailing empty strings are included:
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'abracadabra'.split('', 3) # => ["a", "b", "racadabra"]
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'abracadabra'.split('a', 3) # => ["", "br", "cadabra"]
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'abracadabra'.split('', 30) # => ["a", "b", "r", "a", "c", "a", "d", "a", "b", "r", "a", ""]
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'abracadabra'.split('a', 30) # => ["", "br", "c", "d", "br", ""]
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'abracadabra'.split('', 1) # => ["abracadabra"]
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'abracadabra'.split('a', 1) # => ["abracadabra"]
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When +limit+ is negative,
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there is no limit on the size of the array,
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and trailing empty strings are omitted:
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'abracadabra'.split('', -1) # => ["a", "b", "r", "a", "c", "a", "d", "a", "b", "r", "a", ""]
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'abracadabra'.split('a', -1) # => ["", "br", "c", "d", "br", ""]
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If a block is given, it is called with each substring and returns +self+:
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'foo bar baz'.split(' ') {|substring| p substring }
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Output :
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"foo"
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"bar"
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"baz"
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Note that the above example is functionally equivalent to:
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'foo bar baz'.split(' ').each {|substring| p substring }
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Output :
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"foo"
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"bar"
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"baz"
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But the latter:
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- Has poorer performance because it creates an intermediate array.
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- Returns an array (instead of +self+).
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Related: see {Converting to Non-String}[rdoc-ref:String@Converting+to+Non--5CString].
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