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zlib/inftrees.c

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/* inftrees.c -- generate Huffman trees for efficient decoding
* Copyright (C) 1995-2025 Mark Adler
* For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
*/
#ifdef MAKEFIXED
# ifndef BUILDFIXED
# define BUILDFIXED
# endif
#endif
#ifdef BUILDFIXED
# define Z_ONCE
#endif
#include "zutil.h"
#include "inftrees.h"
#include "inflate.h"
#define MAXBITS 15
const char inflate_copyright[] =
" inflate 1.3.1.2 Copyright 1995-2025 Mark Adler ";
/*
If you use the zlib library in a product, an acknowledgment is welcome
in the documentation of your product. If for some reason you cannot
include such an acknowledgment, I would appreciate that you keep this
copyright string in the executable of your product.
*/
/*
Build a set of tables to decode the provided canonical Huffman code.
The code lengths are lens[0..codes-1]. The result starts at *table,
whose indices are 0..2^bits-1. work is a writable array of at least
lens shorts, which is used as a work area. type is the type of code
to be generated, CODES, LENS, or DISTS. On return, zero is success,
-1 is an invalid code, and +1 means that ENOUGH isn't enough. table
on return points to the next available entry's address. bits is the
requested root table index bits, and on return it is the actual root
table index bits. It will differ if the request is greater than the
longest code or if it is less than the shortest code.
*/
int ZLIB_INTERNAL inflate_table(codetype type, unsigned short FAR *lens,
unsigned codes, code FAR * FAR *table,
unsigned FAR *bits, unsigned short FAR *work) {
unsigned len; /* a code's length in bits */
unsigned sym; /* index of code symbols */
unsigned min, max; /* minimum and maximum code lengths */
unsigned root; /* number of index bits for root table */
unsigned curr; /* number of index bits for current table */
unsigned drop; /* code bits to drop for sub-table */
int left; /* number of prefix codes available */
unsigned used; /* code entries in table used */
unsigned huff; /* Huffman code */
unsigned incr; /* for incrementing code, index */
unsigned fill; /* index for replicating entries */
unsigned low; /* low bits for current root entry */
unsigned mask; /* mask for low root bits */
code here; /* table entry for duplication */
code FAR *next; /* next available space in table */
const unsigned short FAR *base; /* base value table to use */
const unsigned short FAR *extra; /* extra bits table to use */
unsigned match; /* use base and extra for symbol >= match */
unsigned short count[MAXBITS+1]; /* number of codes of each length */
unsigned short offs[MAXBITS+1]; /* offsets in table for each length */
static const unsigned short lbase[31] = { /* Length codes 257..285 base */
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 23, 27, 31,
35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 83, 99, 115, 131, 163, 195, 227, 258, 0, 0};
static const unsigned short lext[31] = { /* Length codes 257..285 extra */
16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 17, 17, 17, 17, 18, 18, 18, 18,
19, 19, 19, 19, 20, 20, 20, 20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 16, 64, 204};
static const unsigned short dbase[32] = { /* Distance codes 0..29 base */
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13, 17, 25, 33, 49, 65, 97, 129, 193,
257, 385, 513, 769, 1025, 1537, 2049, 3073, 4097, 6145,
8193, 12289, 16385, 24577, 0, 0};
static const unsigned short dext[32] = { /* Distance codes 0..29 extra */
16, 16, 16, 16, 17, 17, 18, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20, 21, 21, 22, 22,
23, 23, 24, 24, 25, 25, 26, 26, 27, 27,
28, 28, 29, 29, 64, 64};
/*
Process a set of code lengths to create a canonical Huffman code. The
code lengths are lens[0..codes-1]. Each length corresponds to the
symbols 0..codes-1. The Huffman code is generated by first sorting the
symbols by length from short to long, and retaining the symbol order
for codes with equal lengths. Then the code starts with all zero bits
for the first code of the shortest length, and the codes are integer
increments for the same length, and zeros are appended as the length
increases. For the deflate format, these bits are stored backwards
from their more natural integer increment ordering, and so when the
decoding tables are built in the large loop below, the integer codes
are incremented backwards.
This routine assumes, but does not check, that all of the entries in
lens[] are in the range 0..MAXBITS. The caller must assure this.
1..MAXBITS is interpreted as that code length. zero means that that
symbol does not occur in this code.
The codes are sorted by computing a count of codes for each length,
creating from that a table of starting indices for each length in the
sorted table, and then entering the symbols in order in the sorted
table. The sorted table is work[], with that space being provided by
the caller.
The length counts are used for other purposes as well, i.e. finding
the minimum and maximum length codes, determining if there are any
codes at all, checking for a valid set of lengths, and looking ahead
at length counts to determine sub-table sizes when building the
decoding tables.
*/
/* accumulate lengths for codes (assumes lens[] all in 0..MAXBITS) */
for (len = 0; len <= MAXBITS; len++)
count[len] = 0;
for (sym = 0; sym < codes; sym++)
count[lens[sym]]++;
/* bound code lengths, force root to be within code lengths */
root = *bits;
for (max = MAXBITS; max >= 1; max--)
if (count[max] != 0) break;
if (root > max) root = max;
if (max == 0) { /* no symbols to code at all */
here.op = (unsigned char)64; /* invalid code marker */
here.bits = (unsigned char)1;
here.val = (unsigned short)0;
*(*table)++ = here; /* make a table to force an error */
*(*table)++ = here;
*bits = 1;
return 0; /* no symbols, but wait for decoding to report error */
}
for (min = 1; min < max; min++)
if (count[min] != 0) break;
if (root < min) root = min;
/* check for an over-subscribed or incomplete set of lengths */
left = 1;
for (len = 1; len <= MAXBITS; len++) {
left <<= 1;
left -= count[len];
if (left < 0) return -1; /* over-subscribed */
}
if (left > 0 && (type == CODES || max != 1))
return -1; /* incomplete set */
/* generate offsets into symbol table for each length for sorting */
offs[1] = 0;
for (len = 1; len < MAXBITS; len++)
offs[len + 1] = offs[len] + count[len];
/* sort symbols by length, by symbol order within each length */
for (sym = 0; sym < codes; sym++)
if (lens[sym] != 0) work[offs[lens[sym]]++] = (unsigned short)sym;
/*
Create and fill in decoding tables. In this loop, the table being
filled is at next and has curr index bits. The code being used is huff
with length len. That code is converted to an index by dropping drop
bits off of the bottom. For codes where len is less than drop + curr,
those top drop + curr - len bits are incremented through all values to
fill the table with replicated entries.
root is the number of index bits for the root table. When len exceeds
root, sub-tables are created pointed to by the root entry with an index
of the low root bits of huff. This is saved in low to check for when a
new sub-table should be started. drop is zero when the root table is
being filled, and drop is root when sub-tables are being filled.
When a new sub-table is needed, it is necessary to look ahead in the
code lengths to determine what size sub-table is needed. The length
counts are used for this, and so count[] is decremented as codes are
entered in the tables.
used keeps track of how many table entries have been allocated from the
provided *table space. It is checked for LENS and DIST tables against
the constants ENOUGH_LENS and ENOUGH_DISTS to guard against changes in
the initial root table size constants. See the comments in inftrees.h
for more information.
sym increments through all symbols, and the loop terminates when
all codes of length max, i.e. all codes, have been processed. This
routine permits incomplete codes, so another loop after this one fills
in the rest of the decoding tables with invalid code markers.
*/
/* set up for code type */
switch (type) {
case CODES:
base = extra = work; /* dummy value--not used */
match = 20;
break;
case LENS:
base = lbase;
extra = lext;
match = 257;
break;
default: /* DISTS */
base = dbase;
extra = dext;
match = 0;
}
/* initialize state for loop */
huff = 0; /* starting code */
sym = 0; /* starting code symbol */
len = min; /* starting code length */
next = *table; /* current table to fill in */
curr = root; /* current table index bits */
drop = 0; /* current bits to drop from code for index */
low = (unsigned)(-1); /* trigger new sub-table when len > root */
used = 1U << root; /* use root table entries */
mask = used - 1; /* mask for comparing low */
/* check available table space */
if ((type == LENS && used > ENOUGH_LENS) ||
(type == DISTS && used > ENOUGH_DISTS))
return 1;
/* process all codes and make table entries */
for (;;) {
/* create table entry */
here.bits = (unsigned char)(len - drop);
if (work[sym] + 1U < match) {
here.op = (unsigned char)0;
here.val = work[sym];
}
else if (work[sym] >= match) {
here.op = (unsigned char)(extra[work[sym] - match]);
here.val = base[work[sym] - match];
}
else {
here.op = (unsigned char)(32 + 64); /* end of block */
here.val = 0;
}
/* replicate for those indices with low len bits equal to huff */
incr = 1U << (len - drop);
fill = 1U << curr;
min = fill; /* save offset to next table */
do {
fill -= incr;
next[(huff >> drop) + fill] = here;
} while (fill != 0);
/* backwards increment the len-bit code huff */
incr = 1U << (len - 1);
while (huff & incr)
incr >>= 1;
if (incr != 0) {
huff &= incr - 1;
huff += incr;
}
else
huff = 0;
/* go to next symbol, update count, len */
sym++;
if (--(count[len]) == 0) {
if (len == max) break;
len = lens[work[sym]];
}
/* create new sub-table if needed */
if (len > root && (huff & mask) != low) {
/* if first time, transition to sub-tables */
if (drop == 0)
drop = root;
/* increment past last table */
next += min; /* here min is 1 << curr */
/* determine length of next table */
curr = len - drop;
left = (int)(1 << curr);
while (curr + drop < max) {
left -= count[curr + drop];
if (left <= 0) break;
curr++;
left <<= 1;
}
/* check for enough space */
used += 1U << curr;
if ((type == LENS && used > ENOUGH_LENS) ||
(type == DISTS && used > ENOUGH_DISTS))
return 1;
/* point entry in root table to sub-table */
low = huff & mask;
(*table)[low].op = (unsigned char)curr;
(*table)[low].bits = (unsigned char)root;
(*table)[low].val = (unsigned short)(next - *table);
}
}
/* fill in remaining table entry if code is incomplete (guaranteed to have
at most one remaining entry, since if the code is incomplete, the
maximum code length that was allowed to get this far is one bit) */
if (huff != 0) {
here.op = (unsigned char)64; /* invalid code marker */
here.bits = (unsigned char)(len - drop);
here.val = (unsigned short)0;
next[huff] = here;
}
/* set return parameters */
*table += used;
*bits = root;
return 0;
}
#ifdef BUILDFIXED
/*
If this is compiled with BUILDFIXED defined, and if inflate will be used in
multiple threads, and if atomics are not available, then inflate() must be
called with a fixed block (e.g. 0x03 0x00) to initialize the tables and must
return before any other threads are allowed to call inflate.
*/
static code *lenfix, *distfix;
static code fixed[544];
/* State for z_once(). */
local z_once_t built = Z_ONCE_INIT;
local void buildtables(void) {
unsigned sym, bits;
static code *next;
unsigned short lens[288], work[288];
/* literal/length table */
sym = 0;
while (sym < 144) lens[sym++] = 8;
while (sym < 256) lens[sym++] = 9;
while (sym < 280) lens[sym++] = 7;
while (sym < 288) lens[sym++] = 8;
next = fixed;
lenfix = next;
bits = 9;
inflate_table(LENS, lens, 288, &(next), &(bits), work);
/* distance table */
sym = 0;
while (sym < 32) lens[sym++] = 5;
distfix = next;
bits = 5;
inflate_table(DISTS, lens, 32, &(next), &(bits), work);
}
#else /* !BUILDFIXED */
# include "inffixed.h"
#endif /* BUILDFIXED */
/*
Return state with length and distance decoding tables and index sizes set to
fixed code decoding. Normally this returns fixed tables from inffixed.h.
If BUILDFIXED is defined, then instead this routine builds the tables the
first time it's called, and returns those tables the first time and
thereafter. This reduces the size of the code by about 2K bytes, in
exchange for a little execution time. However, BUILDFIXED should not be
used for threaded applications if atomics are not available, as it will
not be thread-safe.
*/
void inflate_fixed(struct inflate_state FAR *state) {
#ifdef BUILDFIXED
z_once(&built, buildtables);
#endif /* BUILDFIXED */
state->lencode = lenfix;
state->lenbits = 9;
state->distcode = distfix;
state->distbits = 5;
}
#ifdef MAKEFIXED
#include <stdio.h>
/*
Write out the inffixed.h that will be #include'd above. Defining MAKEFIXED
also defines BUILDFIXED, so the tables are built on the fly. main() writes
those tables to stdout, which would directed to inffixed.h. Compile this
along with zutil.c:
cc -DMAKEFIXED -o fix inftrees.c zutil.c
./fix > inffixed.h
*/
int main(void) {
unsigned low, size;
struct inflate_state state;
inflate_fixed(&state);
puts("/* inffixed.h -- table for decoding fixed codes");
puts(" * Generated automatically by makefixed().");
puts(" */");
puts("");
puts("/* WARNING: this file should *not* be used by applications.");
puts(" It is part of the implementation of this library and is");
puts(" subject to change. Applications should only use zlib.h.");
puts(" */");
puts("");
size = 1U << 9;
printf("static const code lenfix[%u] = {", size);
low = 0;
for (;;) {
if ((low % 7) == 0) printf("\n ");
printf("{%u,%u,%d}", (low & 127) == 99 ? 64 : state.lencode[low].op,
state.lencode[low].bits, state.lencode[low].val);
if (++low == size) break;
putchar(',');
}
puts("\n};");
size = 1U << 5;
printf("\nstatic const code distfix[%u] = {", size);
low = 0;
for (;;) {
if ((low % 6) == 0) printf("\n ");
printf("{%u,%u,%d}", state.distcode[low].op, state.distcode[low].bits,
state.distcode[low].val);
if (++low == size) break;
putchar(',');
}
puts("\n};");
return 0;
}
#endif /* MAKEFIXED */
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